map of fault lines in kentucky

East and west of the axis of the Arch, strata gradually dip beneath the surface into two bowls or depressions in the Earth's crust, called basins. Alternate titles: Mississippi Valley fault system, New Madrid Fault. The fractures are covered by thick layers of rock, which in turn are . Jeptha Knob, first described by Bucher (1925), has recently been described in detail by Cressman (1981). HTML. Cryptoexplosive structures: J, Jeptha Knob; MO, Middlesboro; MU, Muldraugh dome; V, Versailles. In some cases, where offset is not too great, mine plans can be altered to ramp (adjust the dip of the excavated entries up or down) across the fault to the level of the coal on the other side of the fault. To select data from a rectangular area, hold the Ctrl key (use Cmd key on Macs) and drag the pointer. //--> Faulting Major cities like Portland, Seattle and Vancouver lie along the Cascadia Subduction Zone, which scientists say has the capability of a 9.0 or 10 magnitude earthquake 16 times more powerful than the 1906 quake which ravaged San Francisco. Right: With time, expanding soils exert several tons per square foot of pressure on the foundation and shallow pilings. More Pennsylvanian strata are preserved south of these faults than north of the faults. 1 on the Richter scale. fluorspar district (fig. or post-Paleozoic movement. McKeown Arkansas experiences earthquakes due to having proximity to the New Madrid Fault Line. It is also known as the Waynesville earthquake, although the epicenter was closer to Skyland. 5 earthquake lasted approximately 10 minutes. Likewise, movement along a fault plane is not always uniform, so the amount of offset may change laterally. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). When strata moves along a fault an earthquake occurs. American Institute of Professional Geologists, 1993, The citizens' guide to geologic hazards: 134 p. Black, D.F., 1989, Tectonic evolution in central and eastern Kentucky; a multidisciplinary study of surface and subsurface structure,U.S. These structures are described by the following categories: The block diagram shown above, represents a slice through Kentucky, as if a giant knife had cut the State to a depth of 3,000 feet. 11) and continue mining. (Photographs by Paul Howell, USDA-NRCS. Late Paleozoic (Alleghenian) thrusting in southeasternmost Chain-link fencing is used to prevent further rock falls on a road cut in Madison County. 2 and caused major destruction throughout the state. Butler County - Morgantown. Omissions? J8T< B%3 F>YM^S=d0BqeCCu &8E2AYx`LR {]T)|x% ;". The New Madrid earthquakes of the winter of 1811-1812 were the largest in the history of the United States. Noger, M.C., compiler, 1988, Geologic map of Kentucky: sesquicenntennial edition of the Kentucky Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey and the Kentucky Geological Survey, scale 1:500,000. mi. 16). East of the fluorspar faults there are two sets of faults that trend east-west. Kentucky Geological Survey. to thicken into the Appalachian basin. The oldest rocks at the surface in the State occur in central Kentucky, because older rock strata is pushed upward along a broad bulge, called the Cincinnati Arch, which in Kentucky, stretches from Covington in the north, to just west of Dale Hollow Lake in the south. These are discussed in the section on faults. response to some later event, formed along the western margin of the gravity high (Lidiak and Zeitz, 1976; Geologists know what the rocks in the subsurface look like from data gathered during drilling beneath the surface for oil, natural gas, coal, industrial minerals, and water resources, and from seismic exploration. The arch thus separates the Appalachian basin The present structural relief on the arch results mostly from latest Paleozoic The surface traces of faults are shown as black line segments on the geologic map, and offsets along some of the major faults are shown in the block diagram. In most cases, faulting impedes mining and forms the boundary of a mine, so adverse roof conditions adjacent to faults lead to entries along mine boundaries being abandoned. Contains faults, geologic units, and geologic contacts. Radon gas, although not widely distributed in Kentucky in amounts above the Environmental Protection Agency's maximum recommended limit of 4 picocuries per liter, can be a local problem. Appalachian basin.--The eastern part of Kentucky, particularly the area east of the Pottsville Escarpment, lies 5 magnitude earthquake that shook the southern part of South America in 1960. In recent years, the risk of earthquakes in the C&E Tennessee seismic zone has increased due to the numerous chemical reactions, and the presence of active faults in the region. Contact the BGADD Water Coordinator for more information on Source Water Protection Areas. 0000001550 00000 n For information on obtaining Kentucky Geological Survey maps and publications call: Public Information Center 859.257.3896. 2 of the geologic map; the Irvine-Paint Creek fault system extends well into sheet 3 as well. they postulate large-scale strike-slip displacement in basement rocks under the Appalachian basin, perhaps Computer Simulation of a Magnitude 7.7 Earthquake in the New Madrid Seismic Zone This animation shows the simulated ground motion of the Earth's surface that could occur in the central U.S. region for a magnitude 7.7 strike-slip earthquake on the southern section of the New Madrid seismic zone. The intensity of the largest of the three main shocks has been given as XII, and the body-wave Because movement of the earths crust has occurred along the fault plane, rocks in the roof and floor may be highly fractured and sheared near the fault, which can weaken roof strata along the fault, leading to potential roof falls. The ground shaking that would result could cause buildings to collapse, gas pipelines to rupture, and transportation routes to be blocked. 9) coal (Greb and Williams, 2000). Kentucky). Embayment) and in central Kentucky (Keller and others, 1982). the Nashville dome in central Tennessee through central Kentucky to northwestern Ohio, where it It was the largest tremor felt in the state since 2003. Thousands of earthquakes have been recorded in this region since 1974. These fault lines are all part of the larger New Madrid Seismic Zone, a region spanning 7 states and known for its earthquake activity. Underlying shale may restrict percolation in some areas. Most polygon layers have some transparency set (e.g. A few drill holes have penetrated these rocks in central Kentucky where they are as little as 5,000 feet beneath the surface, but in most areas they occur at depths that have not been drilled, so little is known about them. by the Kentucky Geological Survey, From AIPG (1993). They are covered by the Tertiary strata and are not visible at the surface, so they all appear to stop at the Tertiary on the geology map. 877.778.7827 . Getting the basin filled with water as soon as possible after construction prevents drying and cracking, and possible leakage, of the clayey soil liner. by a brecciated center within a belt of concentric faults. 0000001185 00000 n " $ #& Through millions of years, strata have gradually dropped downward above the rift, along the southern edge of the Rough Creek faults and the northern edge of the Pennyroyal Faults. Caldwell County - Princeton. Road cut design must take into account how weathering will affect various rock types. New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ), region of poorly understood, deep-seated faults in Earth's crust that zigzag southwest-northeast through Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee, and Kentucky, U.S. Overall, the Madrid Fault Line affects the following states: Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Kentucky. labeled on the geologic map, but it appears as a small, round outcrop area of the Muldraugh Member of the In Tennessee, the fault line continues from northern Mississippi, and passes through Chester, Henderson, McNairy, Hardin, and Wayne counties, before entering western Kentucky. For more information on the groundwater resources of the county, see Carey and Stickney (2001). Cross sections C-C' through F-F' on sheet 2 of the geologic map 0 earthquake. It hugs the borders of Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Illinois, and it birthed massive quakes in 1811 and 1812 that temporarily reversed the flow of the Mississippi River. An Equal Opportunity University. (Photo by Paul Howell). trachyte, rhyolite basalt, and weakly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks are characteristic. While the majority of these earthquakes were of a low magnitude, some of them caused significant damage. Powered by Leaflet Maps provided by MapQuest, OpenStreetMap and contributors., USGS, Peter Bird, USGS. recurrence curve plotted for the New Madrid seismic zone (Nuttli, 1979) shows that, for example, in a California experiences thousands of earthquakes each year, many of which cause moderate to significant damage. angle normal faults and less common reverse faults bounding a series of grabens and horsts, with a total expression of a cryptoexplosive structure nearly 4 mi across in Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian rocks. The It started at 8:11pm GMT on May 22nd 1960 and ended at approximately 8:21pm GMT. Amos, 1984). 1 earthquake, which caused some damage to homes and businesses in the area. The Although the arch was a positive structural element through much of the Paleozoic, strata were According to the Colorado Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, The Sangre de Cristo Fault, which lies at the base of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains along the eastern edge of the San Luis Valley, and the Sawatch Fault, which runs along the eastern edge of the Sawatch Range, are two of the most prominent potentially active faults in Colorado and that Seismologists predict that Colorado will again experience a magnitude 6.5 earthquake at some unknown point in the future.. Keller and others, 1982, p. 220). USGS Interactive Fault Maps. Offsets on these fault zones are mostly down to the south. Hawaii sits atop the Ring of Fire and experiences around 900 earthquakes each year. 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